¿Qué se te perdió aquí? Metaloproteasas de matriz en el núcleo celular
Keywords:
Metaloproteasas, núcleo celular, enzimas, biomoléculas, “degradoma”Abstract
Las enzimas capaces de cortar una proteína reciben el nombre de proteasas. Estas biomoléculas regulan una amplia variedad de procesos a nivel celular y de todo el organismo, ya sea por la degradación completa de su sustrato, por el procesamiento específico y limitado del mismo, o bien por el rasurado (shedding en inglés) de ectodominios y liberación de péptidos que pueden desempeñar una función diferente (Pardo et al., 2008). Las proteasas se encuentran en los tres dominios de la vida: archaea, eubacteria y eukarya. Dada su importancia, se ha denominado como “degradoma” al conjunto de proteasas que se expresan en un momento en parti- cular en una célula, tejido u organismo (López-Otín y Overall, 2002). Se clasifican de acuerdo con el aminoácido de su sitio activo en cisteínproteasas, aspartilproteasas, serínproteasas, treonínproteasas, glutamilproteasas y metaloproteasas (Ugalde et al., 2010).
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