¿Micelio fúngico en lugar de unicel? La revolución de los biomateriales sustentables
Fungal mycelium as a sustainable substitute for styrofoam? The revolution of eco-friendly biomaterials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/cienciauanl29.136-5Palabras clave:
huella de carbono, residuos agroindustriales, biodegradabilidad, economía circular, empaque sustentable., carbon footprint, agro-industrial waste, biodegradability, circular economy, sustainable packaging.Resumen
El uso masivo de plásticos de empaque como el unicel (poliestireno expandido) ha generado un grave problema ambiental. Es un material de un solo uso que, al convertirse en residuo, tarda décadas en degradarse en el ambiente y su reciclaje es limitado. En la búsqueda de soluciones sustentables, la biotecnología ha desarrollado biomateriales a partir del micelio de hongos de podredumbre blanca, como Pleurotus ostreatus. Este artículo explora cómo este hongo es cultivado en residuos agroindustriales para producir un material biodegradable y resistente para uso en embalaje.
Abstract
The widespread use of packaging plastics such as styrofoam (expanded polystyrene) has created a serious environmental problem. It is a single-use material, once it becomes wasted, takes decades to degrade in the environment, and its recycling is limited. In the search for sustainable solutions, biotechnology has developed bio-materials from the mycelium of white-rot fungi, such as Pleurotus ostreatus. This article explores how this fungus can be cultivated in agro-industrial waste to produce a biodegradable and durable material for packaging applications.
Descargas
Citas
Abhijith, R., Ashok, Anagha, & Rejeesh, C. R. (Rejeesh C. Rajendran). (2018). Sustainable packaging applications from mycelium to substitute polystyrene: A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 2139–2145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.211
Aiduang, Worawoot, Kumla, Jaturong, Srinuanpan, Sirasit, et al. (2022). Mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of mycelium-based composites grown on lignocellulosic agricultural wastes: A review. Journal of Fungi, 8(11), 1125. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111125 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111125
Angelova, Galena V., Brazkova, Mariya S., & Krastanov, Albert I. (2021). Renewable mycelium-based composite – Sustainable approach for lignocellulose waste recovery and alternative to synthetic materials-A review. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 76(11–12), 437–448. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2021-0040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2021-0040
Geyer, Roland, Jambeck, Jenna R., & Law, Kara L. (2017). Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Science Advances, 3(7), e1700782. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782
Hamid, Hazren A., Qi, Lim P., Harun, Hasnida, et al. (2019). Development of organic fertilizer from food waste by composting in UTHM campus Pagoh. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Natural Resources, 1(1), 1–6.
Jones, Michel, Huynh, Tien, Dekiwadia, Chaitali, et al. (2017). Mycelium composites: A review of engineering characteristics and growth kinetics. Journal of Bionanoscience, 11(4), 241–257. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1166/jbns.2017.1440
Morseletto, Piero. (2020). Restorative and regenerative: Exploring the concepts in the circular economy. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 24(4), 763–773. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12987 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12987
Muiruri, Joshep K., Chuan Yeo, Jaiven C., Zhu, Qiang, et al. (2023). Sustainable mycelium-bound biocomposites: Design strategies, materials properties, and emerging applications. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 11(18), 6801–6821. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00831 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00831
Prata, Joana C., Silva, Ana L. P., Walker, Tony R., et al. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic repercussions on the use and management of plastics. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(13), 7760–7765. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02178
Righetti, Grazia I. C., Faedi, Filippo, & Famulari, Antonino. (2024). Embracing sustainability: The world of bio-based polymers in a mini review. Polymers, 16(7), 950. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16070950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16070950
Secretaría de Economía. (2019). NMX-E-273-NYCE-2019. Plásticos compostables. Requisitos y métodos de prueba, Norma Mexicana. https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/489557/NMX-E-273-NYCE-2019.pdf
Singh, Shivam, Singh Nijendra P., Agrawal, Sharad, et al. (2025). Unleashing the potential of white-rot fungi mycelium for functional biomaterials development. Discover Materials, 5, 96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00288-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00288-6
Singh, Rajeev P., Ibrahim, M. Hakimi, Esa, Norizan, et al. (2010). Composting of waste from palm oil mill: A sustainable waste management practice. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 9, 331–344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-010-9199-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-010-9199-2
Thompson, Roland C., Swan, Sherri H., & Moore, Carlos J. (2009). Plastics, the environment, and human health: Current consensus and future trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1526), 2153–2166. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0053
Yang, Libin, Park, Daekwon., & Qin, Zhao. (2021). Material function of myceliumbased biocomposite: A review. Frontiers in Materials, 8, 737377. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2021.737377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2021.737377
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Melissa Martinez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
